Paper by Professor Omar Hasan Kasule Sr.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
OUTLINES:
BACKGROUND READING
What is continuous quality improvement:
Tools of quality control:
Data collection:
Sampling:
TEXT ANALYSIS
Quality Performance
Constant Improvement
DISCUSSION
Quality improvement
BACKGROUND READING
INSTRUCTIONS: THE DISCUSSION LEADER OR THE MEMBERS (IN TURNS) WILL PRESENT THE MAIN POINTS IN THE BACKGROUND READING SECTIONS PRE-ASSIGNED THE PREVIOUS WEEK
What is continuous quality improvement: Continuous quality improvement (QI) is a management philosophy that is committed to continuous and consistent improvement in quality. It involves training for quality, making the necessary changes in the organizational structure, It is both long-term and short-term. Long-term QI should be the main aim. QI is consistent with the Islamic concept of IHSAAN. Improvement must be continuous. Humans can never reach perfection and rest on their laurels. They must always strive to approach it; the nearer the better. Quality assurance or quality improvement is a type of control. Muslims must be leaders of quality because this is the very essence of their creed. The concept of IHSAN is the basis of quality. A Muslim tries to achieve excellence in whatever he does. He seeks to improve every day.
We talk of quality improvement rather than quality control or quality assurance. The aim is not to perform at a pre-set standard but to constantly improve and get better. Quality requires a change in organizational culture so that all members take pride in quality work. Material incentives or punishments are not sufficient to assure quality. Free exchange of information and ideas without fear of censure, a non-judgmental approach, sharing authority, cooperation and not competition help foster a culture of quality improvement. The debate over which is more important, quantity or quality, is irrelevant. Both are important. Good management does not trade one for the other. It has the skill to produce the optimal quantity needed at the optimal quality desired. Of course both quantity and quality are affected by the resources available to management.
Tools of quality control: The following tools are used in quality control: control charts, histograms, scatter diagrams, pareto charts, fish-bone diagrams, run charts, binomial probability paper, flow chart, cause effect diagram. A control chart is a graph showing the average and the range (upper and lower control limits). A histogram shows the distribution, shape and dispersion. Scatter diagram is a graph of number of defects against the type of defect. The pareto chart exposes the relative magnitudes of defects. A fish-bone diagram. Run charts. Histogram. Scatter diagram. Flow chart. A cause-effect (CE) diagram is a type of flow chart. It shows boxes and arrows. Fault tree diagram
Data collection: There are 3 main purposes for data collection: understand the situation, analysis, and process control. The data collected may be continous or discrete
Sampling: The sampling scheme chosen must fulfil the following conditions: accuracy, reliability, speed, and economy. The following types of samples may be used: random, 2-stage, cluster sampling
TEXT ANALYSIS
INSTRUCTIONS: READ OUT EACH TEXT ALOUD TWO TIMES. MAKE SURE YOU UNDERSTAND THE MAIN POINTS RAISED. WRITE DOWN THE MAIN LESSON(S) YOU HAVE LEARNED FROM THE TEXT.
Quality Performance: "Idha amila ahadukum amalan fa liyutiqnahu"
Constant Improvement: "Man istawa yawumaahu fahuwa maghboon"
DISCUSSION:
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
Imagine you are a management consultant during the reign of Omar Ibn al Khattab and were asked for advice on the provincial administrations.
(a) suggest a quality improvement program
(b) construct a fault tree for provincial revenue collection
YOUR NOTES:
