Presented at the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Muhammadiyah Jogjakarta March 2009 by Professor Dr Omar Hasan Kasule Sr. MB ChB (MUK), MPH (Harvard), DrPH (Harvard) EM: omarkasule@yahoo.com. WEB: http://omarkasule.tripod.com
OVERVIEW
The Islamic Input into the Medical Curriculum (IIMC) has become a reality in several medical schools over the past decade. The Kulliyah of Medicine of International Islamic University Malaysia taught medicine with embedded Islamic values was taught at Kuantan from July 1997 to date. IIMC involved integrating Islamic values and Law in the teaching and practice of medicine.
At the Institute of Medicine, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, the Islamic perspective of medicine (Islamic Medicine) has been an integral part of the curriculum since August 2005 until now with IIMC being taught under the theme of Personal and Professional Development (PPD).
IIMC in various forms was adopted by other medical schools at various universities such as the Universiti Sains Islam, Malaysia, Riphah International University Islamabad, Peshawar Medical College, and the 14 schools that are members of FOKI (Forum Kedokteran Islam Indonesia).
IIMC is based on 3 assumptions: (a) that Islam has moral values that are universal and, being found in other religions and belief systems, can be taught to and be appreciated equally well by Muslim and non-Muslim students;. (b) a physician must understand Islamic Law relating to medicine, fiqh tibbi, in order to practice successfully in a Muslim community whose culture and social norms are shaped by the shari’at that is a comprehensive code affecting all aspects of the life of the individual and the community; and (c) a successful physician must be equipped with personal, communication, leadership, and management skills based on Islamic teachings and empirical social and managerial sciences.
IIMC teaches the Islamic epistemological perspective of basic medical sciences so that students can appreciate the signs of the Creator, ayat al allah, from the book of empirical scientific observation, kitaab al kawn, alongside appreciating the signs of the Creator from the book of revelation, kitaab al wahy.
IIMC in the clinical phase teaches students to help patients solve practical problems related to ablution, wudhu, prayer, solat, fasting, puasa, pilgrimage, hajj & umrah; and what is permitted, halal, as medicine, physical activities, nutrition, and other activities of daily living.
IIMC uses the theory of the purposes of the Law, maqasid al shari’at, principles of the Law, qawa’id al shari’at, specific legal rulings from the Qur’an and sunnat, and comparing with European ethico-legal sources as bases for discussing medical ethico-legal issues such as autonomy, privacy & confidentiality, professionalism, animal and human research, resource allocation, end of life issues, and medical malpractice. Also covered are issues that arise out of modern medical technology such as assisted reproduction, genetic testing, and transplantation. An emphasis is made on a holistic and balanced approach to medicine by reference to Prophetic medicine, tibb nabawi, and traditional / complementary medical systems such as unani, ayurdevic, and Chinese medicine.
The futuristic vision of IIMC is that Islamic medical practice will in the next 20 years grow and reach or even the exceed the achievements of Islamic banking. The Islamic hospitals and clinics that will be established will need medical professionals trained to practice medicine according to the Qur’an, sunnat, and the purposes of the Law, maqasid al shari’at.
OUTLINE
THEME ONE: ASAASIYYAAT, FUNDAMENTALS
SUB-THEME I: ‘AQIIDAT (Creed)
MODULE 1.0: USUUL AL DDIIN
1.1 Islam, Iman, & Ihsan
1.2 Tauhid
1.3 Risaalat
1.4 Aakhirat (eschatology)
1.5 Qadar
MODULE 2.0: KHARQ al ‘AQIDAT (Violations of the Creed)
2.1 Ithm (sinning)
2.2 Jadal (purposeless argumentation)
2.3 Dhulm (transgression)
2.4 Kufr & Shirk
2.5 Milal (religions)
SUB-THEME II: USUUL al SHARI’AT (Foundations of The Law)
MODULE 3.0: SOURCES, PURPOSES, PRINCIPLES OF THE LAW
3.1 Over-view
3.2 Sources of the Law, masadir al shari’at
3.3 Purposes of the Law, maqasid al shari’at
3.4 Principles of the Law, qawa’id al shari’at
3.5 Regulations of the Law, dhawaabit al shari’at
MODULE 4.0: LEGAL BOOKS, kutub al fiqh
4.1 Maliki books
4.2 Hanafi books
4.3 Shafe’e books
4.4 Hanbali books
4.5 Ja’afari books
SUB-THEME III: al ‘IBAADAAT al JASADIYYAT (Physical Worship)
MODULE 5.0: TAHARAT & SALAT
5.1 Taharat
5.2 Rulings of salat, ahkaam al salat
5.3 Physical Acts of salat
5.4 Special Types of salat
5.5 Salat in difficult circumstances, salaat ahl al a’adhaar
MODULE 6.0: PHYSICAL ‘IBADAT
6.1 Saum
6.2 Zakat
6.3 Hajj
6.4 Tilaawat al Qur’an
6.5 Jihad
SUB-THEME IV: ‘ILM & MA’ARIFAT (Knowledge)
MODULE 7.0: THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE, nadhariyyat al ma’arifat
7.1 Philosophy of Knowledge, falsafat al ma’arifa’at
7.2 Methodology of Knowledge, manhajiyat al ma’arifat
7.3 Qur’anic Scientific Culture, tarbiyat ‘ilmiyyat qur’aniyyat
7.4 Classical Islamic Sciences, al ‘uluum al islamiyyat al taqliidiyyat
7.5 Islamization: Solution of the Knowledge Crisis, al aslamat hall azmat al ma’arifat
MODULE 8.0: REFORM OF KNOWLEDGE, islaah al ma’arifat
8.1 Reform of Education, islaah al tarbiyah
8.2 Reform of Life and Health Sciences
8.3 Reform of Physical Sciences
8.4 Reform of Social Sciences and the Humanities
8.5 Reform of the Arts
THEME TWO: FIQH AL TAARIKH, CIVILIZATION: Past, Present, & Future
SUB-THEME V: KHALQ (Creation / cosmogony)
MODULE 9.0: KHALQ AL KAWN (creation of the universe)
9.1 Nature, tabi’at al kaun
9.2 The Ultimate Questions, al as ilat al nihaa iyyat
9.3 Signs of Allah In The Universe, aayaat al llaah fi al kawn
9.4 Allah’s Will, iraadat al allah
9.5 Order, Change and Permanence
MODULE 10.0: KHALQ AL INSAN (Creation of the human)
10.1 Creation of the Human Being, Khalq Al Insan
10.2 Nature of the Human, Tabi'at Al Insaan
10.3 Superiority of Humans, Afdhaliyyat Al Insaan
10.4 Mission of Humans on Earth, Risalat Al Insan Fi Al Ardh
10.5 Diversity of Humans, Tafaawut Al Bashar
SUB-THEME VI: TAARIIKH al UMAM (World History) [1.3 MB, 193 pp]
MODULE 11.0: START OF HUMAN CIVILIZATION
11.1 Khilafat
11.2 Taskhiir
11.3 ‘Imarat al ardh I: Rise and Fall of Civilizations
11.4 ‘Imarat al ardh II: Early Agricultural Civilizations
11.5 ‘Imarat al ardh III: Pre-Islamic Arabia
MODULE 12.0: CYCLE OF CIVILIZATIONS, dawrat al hadhaaraat
12.1 Regional Powers
12.2 The Roman Empire, al dawlat al ruumaniyyat
12.3 West European Empire, al dawlat al uuribiyyat al gharbiyyat
12.4 Russian Empire, al dawlat al ruusiyyat
12.5 The American Empire, al dawlat al aamirikiyyat
SUB-THEME VII: TAARIIKH al UMMAT (Muslim History) [0.45 MB, 89pp]
MODULE 13.0: THE GOLDEN ERA, ‘ahad al risaalat & ‘ahad al khilafat
13.1 Era of Prophethood, ‘ahad al nubuwwat
13.2 Era of Abubakar, ‘ahad al khaliifat abubakar
13.3 Era of Omar, ‘ahad al khaliifat ‘omar
13.4 Era of Othman, ‘ahad al khaliiifat othman
13.5 Era of Ali, ‘ahad al khaliifat ‘ali
MODULE 14.0: ERA OF DYNASTIES, ‘ahad al muluuk
14.1 Era of The Umayyads, al ‘ahad al umawiy
14.2 Era Of Abassids, al ‘ahad al ‘abbaasi
14.3 Era Of Othmanis, al ‘ahad al othmani
14.4 The Peripheries, al atraaf
14.5 Achievements of Muslim Civilization, injaazaat al hadharat al islamiyyat
SUB-THEME VIII: AL TAJDID & AL ISLAH (renewal and reform)
MODULE 15.0: CHALLENGES OF RENEWAL, tahaddiyaat al tajdiid
15.1 Internal Challenges, al tahaddiyaat al ddaakhilyyat
15.2 External Challenges, al tajadiyaat al khaarijiyyat
15.3 Past Revival Movements, Tajdiid, harakaat al tajdiid al saabiqat
15.4 Contemporary Reform Movements, harakaat al tajdiid al mu’asirat
15.5 Present Status of The Ummah, haadhir al ummat
MODULE 16.0: INSTITUTIONS OF REFORM, muassassaat al islaah
16.1 The State Constitution, al ahkaam al sultaniyyat
16.2 The Economic system, al nidhaam al maali
16.3 The Education system, nidhaam al tarbiyat & ta’aliim
16.4 The Social system, al nidhaam al ijtima’e
16.5 International relations, al siyar
THEME THREE: FIQH AL ULUUM AL TIBIYAT, BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES: Signs of Allah in the human organism
SUB-THEME IX: ‘ILM al HAYAAT (The Biology of Life) [0.92 MB, 141pp]
MODULE 17.0: LIFE and HEALTH, al hayat wa al sihhat
17.1 Life, hayaat
17.2 Death, mamaat
17.3 Health, sihhat & ‘aafiyat
17.4 Disease, maradh
17.5 Treatment of Disease, tatbiib
MODULE 18.0: GROWTH AND SENESCENCE, numuw wa al shaykhuukhat
18.1 Intrauterine period
18.2 Infancy and Childhood
18.3 Youth
18.4 Middle Age
18.5 Old Age
SUB-THEME X: JISM al INSAN (The Organism: Structure & Function)
MODULE 19.0: THE BIOLOGICAL MIRACLE, mu’ujizat al jism al insani
19.1 Perfection, Optimality, Incomparability
19.2 Control
19.3 Homeostasis, ‘I’itidal
19.4 Interaction with the Environment
19.5 Pathological Processes: Repair & Restoration Of Equilibrium
MODULE 20.0: HUMAN ORGAN SYSTEMS
20.1 Alimentary system, ma idat
20.2 Locomotor Systems and Protective Systems, harakat al jism wa himayatuhu
20.3 Genito-urinary and cardio-respiratory systems, al qalb & tanaffus
20.4 Sensory system, al hawaas
20.5 Nervous Systems, al jihaaz al ‘asabi
SUB-THEME XI: ‘AADAAT al MA’ISHAT (Activities of Life)
MODULE 21.0 REPRODUCTION, izdiyaad
21.1 Menstruation, al haidh
21.2 Human Sexuality, shahwat al jins
21.3 Pregnancy, al haml
21.4 Delivery, wadhau al haml
21.5 Breast-Feeding, ridha’a
MODULE 22.0 ACTIVITIES OF NORMAL LIVING, ‘aadaat al ma’ishat
22.1 Hygiene, al nadhaafat
22.2 Foods, at 'Imat
22.3 Drinks, ashribat
22.4 Activity, nashaat
22.5 Sleep and Rest, nawm & raahat
THEME FOUR: FIQH AL TIBAABAT, CLINICAL SCIENCES
SUB-THEME XI: AKHLAAQ al TIBB (Ethics of Medicine) [1.0 MB, 202pp]
MODULE 23.0: PURPOSES, PRINCIPLES, and REGULATIONS OF MEDICINE
23.1 Purposes and Principles of Medicine
23.2 Regulations of Medical Procedures, dhawaabit al tatbiib
23.3 Regulations of Research Procedures, dhawaabit al bahath
23.4 Regulations of Physician Conduct, dhawaabit al tabiib
23.5 Regulations about Professional Misconduct, dhawaabit al inhiraaf al mihani
MODULE 24.0: ETIQUETTE OF THE PHYSICIAN, adab al tabiib
24.1 Etiquette with Patients and Families
24.2 Etiquette with the Dying
24.3 Etiquette with the Health Care Team
24.4 Etiquette of Research on Animals
24.5 Etiquette of Research on Humans
SUB-THEME XIII: FIQH AL AMRAADH (Disease Conditions)
MODULE 27.0 CONDITIONS OF ORGAN SYSTEMS
27.1 Uro-Genital System, jihaaz bawli & jihaaz tanaasuli
27.2 Cardio-Respiratory System, qalb & jihaaz al tanaffus
27.3 Connective Tissue System,
27.4 Alimentary System, jihaaz al ma idat
27.5 Sensory Systems, al hawaas
MODULE 28.0 OTHER DISEASE CONDITIONS
28.1 Patho-physiological Disturbances
28.2 General Systemic Conditions
28.3 Psychiatric conditions, amraadh nafsiyyat
28.4 Neurological conditions, amraadh al a’asaab
28.5 Age-Related Conditions, amraadh al ‘umr
SUB-THEME XIV: FIQH MUSTAJIDDAAT al TIBB (Modern Medicine)
MODULE 29: REPRODUCTIVE & GENETIC TECHNOLOGY
29.1 Assisted Reproduction, taqniyat al injaab
29.2 Contraception, mani’u al haml
29.3 Reproductive Cloning, al istinsaakh
29.4 Abortion, isqaat al haml
29.5 Other Technologies
MODULE 30.0: MEDICAL and SURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES
30.1 Artificial Life Support, ajhizat al in’aash
30.2 Euthanasia, qatl al rahmat
30.3 Solid Organ Transplantation, naql al a’adha
30.4 Stem Cell Transplantation, naql al khalaayat
30.5 Change of Fitra, taghyiir al fitrat
THEME FIVE: AL JAMA’AT, THE COMMUNITY
SUB-THEME XV: ARKAAN al JAMA’AT (Pillars of the Community) [0.85 MB, 144 pp]
MODULE 31.0: THE FAMILY INSTITUTION, al bayt
31.1 Gender
31.2 Family as a Natural Social Unit
31.3 Marriage
31.4 Parents and Relatives
31.5 Children
MODULE 32.0: COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS, muassasaat al jama’at
32.1 Masjid
32.2 Ukhuwwat
32.3 Takaful
32.4 Shuura
32.5 Maal
SUB-THEME XVI: HUMUUM al JAMA’AT (Community Concerns)
MODULE 33.0: COMMUNITY PROBLEMS, mashaakil al jama’at
33.1 Life-Style
33.2 Sexual Perversions
33.3 Addiction
33.4 Poverty
33.5 Violence
MODULE 34.0: COMMUNITY ACTION, al ‘amal al ijtima’e
34.1 Dawa
34.2 Enjoining the good and forbidding the bad, amr & nahy
34.3 Social change, taghyiir ijtima’e
34.4 Professional and Occupational Organizations
34.5 Social Welfare and Disaster Relief Organizations
SUB-THEME XVII: FIQH al MU’AMALAAT
MODULE 35.0: CIVIL TRANSACTIONS, mu’amalaat madaniyyat
35.1 Marriage, fiqh al munakahaat
35.2 Divorce & annulment, fiqh al talaaq & fasakh
35.3 Inheritance, fiqh al mawariith
35.4 Agency, wakalah
35.5 Competitions, sibaaq
MODULE 36.0: FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS, mu’amalaat maaliyyat
36.1 Sales, buyuu’u
36.1 Personal Loans, Quruudh
36.2 Investments
36.4 Endowments & gifts, awqaaf & hibat
36.5 Other transactions
MODULE 37.0: JUDICIAL TRANSACTIONS, mu’amalaat qadha’iyyat
37.1 Crimes Jinaayaat
37.2 Legal Competence, ahliyyat
37.3 Etiquette of the Judge, adab al qadhi
37.4 Pleas & Evidence, da'wa & shahadat
37.5 Judgment, Conviction, and Punishment, qadha & ‘uquubat
MODULE 38.0: LEGAL MEDICINE, tibb shara’e
38.1 Medical Certification
38.2 Forensic Medicine
38.3 Medical Malpractice
38.4 Pharmacuticals
38.5 Medical Equipment
THEME SIX: FIQH AL QIYADAT, LEADERSHIP
SUB-THEME XVIII: al TAKWIIN al ASAASI (Basic Formation) [1.1 MB, 168 pp]
MODULE 39.0: BASIC ISLAMIC EDUCATION
39.1 The Study Circle
39.2 Qur’an Study
39.3 Hadith Study
39.4 Ma’athuurat Study
39.5 Fiqh Study
MODULE 40.0: DEVELOPMENT
40.1 ‘Ubudiyyat
40.2 Tazkiyat al nafs
40.3 Intellectual Development
40.4 Social Development
40.5 Skill Development
SUB-THEME XIX: QIYADAT (Leadership) [1.1 MB, 212 pp]
MODULE 41.0: LEADERSHIP SKILLS, mahaaraat al qiyadat
41.1 Leadership: Basic Characteristics, sifaat al qiyadat
41.2 Attributes and functions of leaders, sifaat wa masuliyaat al qaid
41.3 Disease of Leaders and Followers, amraadh al qiyaadat
41.4 Communication in leadership, fan al ittisaal fi al qiyaadat
41.5 Negotiation in leadership, fan al hiwaar fi al qiyadat
MODULE 42: MODEL LEADERS
42.1 The Prophet
42.2 Righteous Khulafa
42.3 Political and Military Leaders
42.4 Social Role Models
42.5 Scholars and Reformers
SUB-THEME XX: IDAARAT (Management) [0.87 MB, 212pp]
MODULE 43.0: MANAGEMENT SKILLS, mahaaraat al qiyaadat
43.1 Principles and Concepts of Management,
43.2 Strategy, al istratiijiyat
43.3 Planning and implementation, takhtiit wa tanfiidh al masharii’e
43.4 Control and Evaluation, al muraaqabat wa al taqwiim
43.5 Decision-making and problem-solving, al qaraaraat wa al mashaakil
MODULE 44.0: RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
44.1 Time Management, idaarat al waqt
44.2 Financial Management, idaaral maal
44.3 Information Management, idaarat al ma’alumat
44.4 Organizational Management, idaarat al munadhamat
44.5 Personnel Management, idaarat al bashar
